Berlin: Julius Springer, 1925. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF PAULI’S EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE giving a criterion for the electronic structure of atoms, and explaining the periodic table and the combining properties of the elements. Specifically, the Pauli exclusion principle states that no two “fermions” (elementary particles with half-integer..... More

Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1860. 1st Edition. FIRST REPORT & FIRST PRINTED REFERENCE TO THE EXPERIMENTS & ANALYSES OF JOHN TYNDALL’S on “GREENHOUSE GAS” [a term later employed]. Speaking before the Royal Society in 1860, Tyndall delivered a lecture presenting news of his experiments on the effects of heat on..... More

London: Callow and Wilson, 1824. 1824 edition of a classic work by Thomas Copeland, “the founder of rectum surgery” (Wikipedia). First published in 1810, this work addressed the frequent occurrence of diseases of the rectum; prior to Copeland’s work, no special attention had been paid to the morbid state of..... More

1978. 1st Edition. The encryption method described in this paper, famously known as "RSA" for the names of its authors, is widely used for secure data transmission. It has been cited more than 21,000 times. Other papers of import are included; see below. “An encryption method is presented with the..... More

New York: Macmillan & Co., 1894. First published in 1889, Natural Inheritance is Galton’s pioneering work and is “the first statistical study of biological variation and inheritance"(Garrison & Morton No. 233). The product of fifteen years of work, Natural Inheritance introduced Galton’s complete theory (including the use of regression) and..... More

Leipzig: Englemann, 1867. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST ACCOUNT OF WHAT BECAME KNOWN AS CHROMOSOMES. “Friederich Wilhelm Benedikt Hofmeister (1824 1877) stands as one of the true giants in the history of biology and belongs in the same pantheon as Darwin and Mendel. Yet by comparison, he is..... More

Washington DC: AAAS, 2009. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS of a paper by Mann showing that the global pattern of warming that characterized the Medieval Climate Anomaly was a dynamical response to solar forcing. He goes on to show that temperature changes in the little ice age involve..... More

Washington DC: Smithsonian, 1915. 1st Edition. FIRST PRINTED EDITION OF AN EXTENSIVE SPEECH RUTHERFORD GAVE ON COSMIC EVOLUTION. Rutherford was invited to give the opening speech in the Hale Cosmic Evolution Series of Lectures of the National Academy of Sciences. The Hale series was intended to mark the progress made..... More

New York: AAAS, 2006. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF STEINHARDT & TUROK’S EXPLANATION OF HOW THEIR 2002 CYCLIC THEORY OF THE UNIVERSE CAN RESOLVE THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT PROBLEM. Steinhardt and Turok's 2002 cyclic universe theory is a model of cosmic evolution according to which the universe undergoes..... More

Washington DC: AAAS, 2009. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS of an important paper finding that in periods during the past 800,000 years when the concentration of carbon dioxide was similar to the current level the temperatures were 3-6 degrees centigrade warmer and sea level was 25 to 40..... More

Washington DC: AAAS, 2004. 1st Edition. FIST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS of a work of significance that employed aircraft and satellite measurements to show that the West Antarctica glacier thinning has accelerated since the 1990s. This work confirmed “that when the ocean eats at one end of a glacier, it..... More

Paris: De l’Imprimerie Royale, 1778. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION, LAVOISIER’S OFFICIAL EASTER MEMOIR ON THE COMPOSITION OF AIR. In this work, Lavoisier proposed that ordinary air is composed of two different gases, one “highly respirable” (that he named “oxygen”) and the other (later named nitrogen) that was unable to support..... More

Leiden: Petrus Rammasenius, 1628. 3rd Edition. THIRD EDITION OF THE INVENTION & DESCRIPTION OF NAPIER’S BONES, THE 1st CALCULATING MACHINES & THE “PRECURSORS OF SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY AND MODERN CALCULATING MACHINES AND COMPUTERS” (Printing and the Mind of Man 116). Napier’s invention, essentially a system of rods, offered a mechanical means for..... More